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Female genital mutilation: Why Egyptian girls fear the summer
Cairo, Egypt (CNN)Summer days: They're what childhood memories are made of, glorious afternoons of unchecked freedom to frolic with friends in the sun, unshackled from the earthly obligations of a math class that never seemed further away may loc nuoc kangaroo chat luong.
But for millions of schoolgirls in Egypt, this time of year represents something much darker: the start of the female genital mutilation (FGM) season.
Mona Mohamed was 10 years old when she underwent what's also known as a female circumcision on a hot summer day in her village in Upper Egypt.
"I was terrified," she said. "They tied me down, my mother on one hand and my grandmother on the other."
As Mona thrashed around, pinned by her loved ones to the living room floor, a doctor injected her with anesthesia.
Mona remembers being given a piece of bubble gum to chew on before she finally passed out. It wasn't until she woke up that she realized she had been mutilated.
Egypt: The FGM capital of the world Stories like Mona's are far from rare in Egypt, where "cutting" has been a brutal rite of passage for young girls since the time of the pharaohs.
Of the more than 125 million girls and women alive today who have undergone the procedure, one in four live in Egypt. That's more than any other country in the world, according to the U.N.
Ninety-two percent of married Egyptian women aged 15 to 49 have been subjected to FGM, according to a government report released in May. That figure is down from 97% in 2000, but the practice is still the norm here.
Most girls are cut between the ages of nine and 12, and the operations usually take place during the summer school break so the girls can recover at home.
U.N. officials say FGM has no medical benefits and can cause lifelong physical and emotional trauma for the women forced to undergo the procedure.
"This is a gross human rights violation," Jaime Nadal-Roig, the U.N. Population Fund representative in Cairo, told CNN. "It doesn't add anything to the life of the girl, and there are no medical or religious grounds whatsoever."
A celebrated tradition The most common FGM procedure in Egypt is Type 1, the partial or full removal of the clitoris. It's what Mona Mohamed -- and her older sisters -- endured years ago.
Compared to her sisters, Mona was lucky, given that her procedure was performed by a doctor. Her sisters were circumcised with a razor blade by a traditional (non-medical) midwife who put dust on their wounds to stop the bleeding may loc nuoc gia dinh.
Mona, now 47, recalls asking her mother why getting circumcised was so important. "Usually girls at your age get 'excited,' and this operation takes care of that," her mother replied.
FGM has been illegal in Egypt since 2008, but the practice remains woven into the very fabric of Egyptian society, where many see cutting as a way to "purify" a girl and make her marriage material.
"People used to have a party after a girl was circumcised, they'd celebrate and exchange gifts," Nadal-Roig said. "So for them to turn from there and say, 'look this is a crime or this is a sin or this is not allowed by religion' means confronting a lot of beliefs and social norms."
Campaigners go on the offensive But progress is being made. The percentage of girls aged 15 to 17 who have had the procedure has dropped from 74.4% in 2008 to 61% in 2014 -- a clear sign that the drive to end FGM is working, campaigners say.
Last week Egypt announced a plan to reduce FGM by 10-15% in the next five years. If it works, it will mean that for the first time in decades, "uncut" girls would outnumber those who have had the procedure.
"It's an ambitious plan, but now I think that the political atmosphere is supporting us and we can reach our goal," said Vivian Fouad, the National Population Council official leading the government's charge to eradicate FGM.
"For years we were on (the) defense, but now we're on the offensive."
The fight to eradicate FGM in Egypt is unfolding on a number of fronts, from the courts to the places of worship to the streets of the highest-risk towns.
In January a doctor was sentenced on charges related to mutilating a girl -- the first conviction of its kind since the 2008 ban went into effect. http://aokhoacnu.com http://thesinhtour.com/tour-du-lich-sapa-bang-o-to/ http://thesinhtour.com/tour-du-lich-ha-long/
Tama the cat, Japan's cutest stationmaster, has died
You'll want to hug your cat a little bit tighter after reading this story.
Tama, Japan's famous cat stationmaster, passed away Monday at a local animal hospital due to acute heart failure.
She was 16 -- or about 80 in cat years thanh ly phong net gia cao
The female tortoiseshell's popularity rose quickly following her 2007 appointment as the stationmaster of Kishi Station, which serves Japan's rural neighborhood of Kinokawa in Wakayama Prefecture.
But cute as she was in her jaunty little stationmaster hat, Tama's biggest achievement was single-pawedly saving the struggling train station from financial ruin during her tenure.
Her presence pulled in visitors and fans from around the world, allowing the train line to sustain its service for local residents.
According to the Japan Times, Wakayama governor Yoshinobu Nisaka paid tribute to Tama in a statement.
Tama was a "tourism superstar extremely popular in and out of Japan who contributed greatly to promoting tourism in our prefecture. I am filled with deep sorrow and appreciation," Nisaka said linh kien may tinh.
Wakayama Electric Railway president Mitsunobu Kojima said he visited the cat the day before her death and she stood up and let out a strong meow.
A funeral will be held for Tama on June 28 at Kishi Station.
Want to know more about Japan's beloved cat stationmaster? We visited Tama in 2013 -- read our story here tour du lich dong tay bac.
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Formula One: U.S. and Qatari investors to bid for sport?
The words "boring" and Formula One have often been used in tandem this season given Mercedes' domination -- but this is a sport that could be a sold for a very non-boring price of $8 billion bang gia linh kien may tinh.
Miami Dolphins owner Stephen Ross is working with Qatari investors to purchase a stake in the world's most famous motorsport competition, The Financial Times and Reuters news agency have reported, citing sources familiar with the matter.
Ross' RSE Ventures and Qatar Sports Investments, which owns French football club Paris Saint-Germain, reportedly want to purchase CVC Capital Partners' 35.5% stake in the holding company which owns F1.
RSE told CNN it would not be commenting on the matter, while QSI and CVC were not immediately available for comment when contacted by CNN.
Formula One tycoon Bernie Ecclestone, who will turn 85 this year, and has a 5% share in F1, was quoted by the FT as saying: "My shares will be sold together with theirs."
Still Ecclestone will likely stay involved with Formula One, a person close to the talks told FT.
"They believe he brings a lot to the sport and they can help expand it into the US and Chinese markets," the source said.
Ecclestone did not respond to CNN's request for comment, but the octogenarian was also quoted in Britain's Times newspaper claiming that three or four potential bidders had emerged thanh ly tiem net.
"I have no idea whether any of these people have got closer with this, but CVC are in the business of buying and selling companies," he said.
"The point is that they are very happy with F1 and Donald is not an enthusiastic seller," added Ecclestone, referring to CVC cofounder Donald McKenzie.
"But their business is selling and everything has a price."
Only last year, CVC held talks with Liberty Global and Discovery Communications but failed to reach a deal.
CVC has presided over the sport for nearly a decade, but has gradually decreased its stake.
In 2012 it sold $1.6 billion of shares to BlackRock, Norges Bank and Waddell & Reed.
Read: Is F1 losing its fizz?
Formula One has endured a difficult time of late with increasing costs, cash-strapped teams and a reduction of viewing figures leaving it struggling to compete may loc nuoc gia dinh.
Ross, a 75-year-old property billionaire, has also been linked with opening a Major League Soccer franchise in Miami along with former England captain David Beckham.
World champion Lewis Hamilton leads the drivers' championship with 169 points, with Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg 10 points behind, while Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel is third on 120 points.
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